Cusco School, Peru: Emperor Charles II in defense of the Eucharist, oil on canvas, 17th C.

Dim.: 128 x 99,5 cm (the frame)
Dim.: 114 x 85,5 cm (the work)

The ball below the crown inscribed: El Señor Emperador Carlos Quinto, referring to the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, King of Spain and ruler of the Spanish Empire as Charles I from 1516 until 1556, under who's reign Peru became a Spanish Viceroyalty in 1542.

See also:
- Christie's, New York, Nov. 17-18, 2009, lot 178, for a related example. (link) (see image nr. 8)
- Ramón Mujica Puntilla, Mexico, 2004: Rosa limensis Mística, política e inconografía en torno a la patrona de América, image 46, where a work from the Osma Museum in Lima is published, showing a comparable figure flanking Saint Rose in defense of the Eucharist. (link) (see image nr. 9)